Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir for Previously Treated HCV Infection.
Identifieur interne : 000369 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000368; suivant : 000370Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir for Previously Treated HCV Infection.
Auteurs : Marc Bourlière ; Stuart C. Gordon ; Steven L. Flamm ; Curtis L. Cooper ; Alnoor Ramji ; Myron Tong ; Natarajan Ravendhran ; John M. Vierling ; Tram T. Tran ; Stephen Pianko ; Meena B. Bansal ; Victor De Lédinghen ; Robert H. Hyland ; Luisa M. Stamm ; Hadas Dvory-Sobol ; Evguenia Svarovskaia ; Jie Zhang ; K C Huang ; G Mani Subramanian ; Diana M. Brainard ; John G. Mchutchison ; Elizabeth C. Verna ; Peter Buggisch ; Charles S. Landis ; Ziad H. Younes ; Michael P. Curry ; Simone I. Strasser ; Eugene R. Schiff ; K Rajender Reddy ; Michael P. Manns ; Kris V. Kowdley ; Stefan ZeuzemSource :
- The New England journal of medicine [ 1533-4406 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Antiviraux (effets indésirables), Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique), Association médicamenteuse, Carbamates (effets indésirables), Carbamates (usage thérapeutique), Cirrhose du foie (étiologie), Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus (effets indésirables), Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus (usage thérapeutique), Composés macrocycliques (effets indésirables), Composés macrocycliques (usage thérapeutique), Femelle, Génotype, Hepacivirus (), Hepacivirus (génétique), Humains, Hépatite C (), Hépatite C (traitement médicamenteux), Hépatite C (virologie), Inhibiteurs de protéases (usage thérapeutique), Mâle, Protéines virales non structurales (antagonistes et inhibiteurs), Résistance virale aux médicaments, Sofosbuvir (effets indésirables), Sofosbuvir (usage thérapeutique), Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Sulfonamides (effets indésirables), Sulfonamides (usage thérapeutique).
- MESH :
- antagonistes et inhibiteurs : Protéines virales non structurales.
- effets indésirables : Antiviraux, Carbamates, Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus, Composés macrocycliques, Sofosbuvir, Sulfonamides.
- génétique : Hepacivirus.
- traitement médicamenteux : Hépatite C.
- usage thérapeutique : Antiviraux, Carbamates, Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus, Composés macrocycliques, Inhibiteurs de protéases, Sofosbuvir, Sulfonamides.
- virologie : Hépatite C.
- étiologie : Cirrhose du foie.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Association médicamenteuse, Femelle, Génotype, Hepacivirus, Humains, Hépatite C, Mâle, Résistance virale aux médicaments, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antiviral Agents (adverse effects), Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Carbamates (adverse effects), Carbamates (therapeutic use), Drug Combinations, Drug Resistance, Viral, Female, Genotype, Hepacivirus (drug effects), Hepacivirus (genetics), Hepatitis C (complications), Hepatitis C (drug therapy), Hepatitis C (virology), Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings (adverse effects), Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings (therapeutic use), Humans, Liver Cirrhosis (etiology), Macrocyclic Compounds (adverse effects), Macrocyclic Compounds (therapeutic use), Male, Middle Aged, Protease Inhibitors (therapeutic use), Sofosbuvir (adverse effects), Sofosbuvir (therapeutic use), Sulfonamides (adverse effects), Sulfonamides (therapeutic use), Viral Nonstructural Proteins (antagonists & inhibitors).
- MESH :
- chemical , adverse effects : Antiviral Agents, Carbamates, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings, Macrocyclic Compounds, Sofosbuvir, Sulfonamides.
- chemical , antagonists & inhibitors : Viral Nonstructural Proteins.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antiviral Agents, Carbamates, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings, Macrocyclic Compounds, Protease Inhibitors, Sofosbuvir, Sulfonamides.
- complications : Hepatitis C.
- drug effects : Hepacivirus.
- drug therapy : Hepatitis C.
- etiology : Liver Cirrhosis.
- genetics : Hepacivirus.
- virology : Hepatitis C.
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drug Combinations, Drug Resistance, Viral, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Middle Aged.
Abstract
Patients who are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and who do not have a sustained virologic response after treatment with regimens containing direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have limited retreatment options.
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1613512
PubMed: 28564569
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir for Previously Treated HCV Infection.</title><author><name sortKey="Bourliere, Marc" sort="Bourliere, Marc" uniqKey="Bourliere M" first="Marc" last="Bourlière">Marc Bourlière</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Stuart C" sort="Gordon, Stuart C" uniqKey="Gordon S" first="Stuart C" last="Gordon">Stuart C. Gordon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flamm, Steven L" sort="Flamm, Steven L" uniqKey="Flamm S" first="Steven L" last="Flamm">Steven L. Flamm</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Curtis L" sort="Cooper, Curtis L" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Curtis L" last="Cooper">Curtis L. Cooper</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramji, Alnoor" sort="Ramji, Alnoor" uniqKey="Ramji A" first="Alnoor" last="Ramji">Alnoor Ramji</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Myron" sort="Tong, Myron" uniqKey="Tong M" first="Myron" last="Tong">Myron Tong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ravendhran, Natarajan" sort="Ravendhran, Natarajan" uniqKey="Ravendhran N" first="Natarajan" last="Ravendhran">Natarajan Ravendhran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vierling, John M" sort="Vierling, John M" uniqKey="Vierling J" first="John M" last="Vierling">John M. Vierling</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tran, Tram T" sort="Tran, Tram T" uniqKey="Tran T" first="Tram T" last="Tran">Tram T. Tran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pianko, Stephen" sort="Pianko, Stephen" uniqKey="Pianko S" first="Stephen" last="Pianko">Stephen Pianko</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bansal, Meena B" sort="Bansal, Meena B" uniqKey="Bansal M" first="Meena B" last="Bansal">Meena B. Bansal</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Ledinghen, Victor" sort="De Ledinghen, Victor" uniqKey="De Ledinghen V" first="Victor" last="De Lédinghen">Victor De Lédinghen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hyland, Robert H" sort="Hyland, Robert H" uniqKey="Hyland R" first="Robert H" last="Hyland">Robert H. Hyland</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stamm, Luisa M" sort="Stamm, Luisa M" uniqKey="Stamm L" first="Luisa M" last="Stamm">Luisa M. Stamm</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dvory Sobol, Hadas" sort="Dvory Sobol, Hadas" uniqKey="Dvory Sobol H" first="Hadas" last="Dvory-Sobol">Hadas Dvory-Sobol</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Svarovskaia, Evguenia" sort="Svarovskaia, Evguenia" uniqKey="Svarovskaia E" first="Evguenia" last="Svarovskaia">Evguenia Svarovskaia</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jie" sort="Zhang, Jie" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jie" last="Zhang">Jie Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, K C" sort="Huang, K C" uniqKey="Huang K" first="K C" last="Huang">K C Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanian, G Mani" sort="Subramanian, G Mani" uniqKey="Subramanian G" first="G Mani" last="Subramanian">G Mani Subramanian</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brainard, Diana M" sort="Brainard, Diana M" uniqKey="Brainard D" first="Diana M" last="Brainard">Diana M. Brainard</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mchutchison, John G" sort="Mchutchison, John G" uniqKey="Mchutchison J" first="John G" last="Mchutchison">John G. Mchutchison</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verna, Elizabeth C" sort="Verna, Elizabeth C" uniqKey="Verna E" first="Elizabeth C" last="Verna">Elizabeth C. Verna</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buggisch, Peter" sort="Buggisch, Peter" uniqKey="Buggisch P" first="Peter" last="Buggisch">Peter Buggisch</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Landis, Charles S" sort="Landis, Charles S" uniqKey="Landis C" first="Charles S" last="Landis">Charles S. Landis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Younes, Ziad H" sort="Younes, Ziad H" uniqKey="Younes Z" first="Ziad H" last="Younes">Ziad H. Younes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Curry, Michael P" sort="Curry, Michael P" uniqKey="Curry M" first="Michael P" last="Curry">Michael P. Curry</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strasser, Simone I" sort="Strasser, Simone I" uniqKey="Strasser S" first="Simone I" last="Strasser">Simone I. Strasser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schiff, Eugene R" sort="Schiff, Eugene R" uniqKey="Schiff E" first="Eugene R" last="Schiff">Eugene R. Schiff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reddy, K Rajender" sort="Reddy, K Rajender" uniqKey="Reddy K" first="K Rajender" last="Reddy">K Rajender Reddy</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manns, Michael P" sort="Manns, Michael P" uniqKey="Manns M" first="Michael P" last="Manns">Michael P. Manns</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kowdley, Kris V" sort="Kowdley, Kris V" uniqKey="Kowdley K" first="Kris V" last="Kowdley">Kris V. Kowdley</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zeuzem, Stefan" sort="Zeuzem, Stefan" uniqKey="Zeuzem S" first="Stefan" last="Zeuzem">Stefan Zeuzem</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28564569</idno><idno type="pmid">28564569</idno><idno type="doi">10.1056/NEJMoa1613512</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000A38</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000A38</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000A35</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000A35</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000A35</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000A35</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">004899</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">004899</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">004899</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000364</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000369</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000369</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir for Previously Treated HCV Infection.</title><author><name sortKey="Bourliere, Marc" sort="Bourliere, Marc" uniqKey="Bourliere M" first="Marc" last="Bourlière">Marc Bourlière</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Stuart C" sort="Gordon, Stuart C" uniqKey="Gordon S" first="Stuart C" last="Gordon">Stuart C. Gordon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flamm, Steven L" sort="Flamm, Steven L" uniqKey="Flamm S" first="Steven L" last="Flamm">Steven L. Flamm</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Curtis L" sort="Cooper, Curtis L" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Curtis L" last="Cooper">Curtis L. Cooper</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramji, Alnoor" sort="Ramji, Alnoor" uniqKey="Ramji A" first="Alnoor" last="Ramji">Alnoor Ramji</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Myron" sort="Tong, Myron" uniqKey="Tong M" first="Myron" last="Tong">Myron Tong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ravendhran, Natarajan" sort="Ravendhran, Natarajan" uniqKey="Ravendhran N" first="Natarajan" last="Ravendhran">Natarajan Ravendhran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vierling, John M" sort="Vierling, John M" uniqKey="Vierling J" first="John M" last="Vierling">John M. Vierling</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tran, Tram T" sort="Tran, Tram T" uniqKey="Tran T" first="Tram T" last="Tran">Tram T. Tran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pianko, Stephen" sort="Pianko, Stephen" uniqKey="Pianko S" first="Stephen" last="Pianko">Stephen Pianko</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bansal, Meena B" sort="Bansal, Meena B" uniqKey="Bansal M" first="Meena B" last="Bansal">Meena B. Bansal</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Ledinghen, Victor" sort="De Ledinghen, Victor" uniqKey="De Ledinghen V" first="Victor" last="De Lédinghen">Victor De Lédinghen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hyland, Robert H" sort="Hyland, Robert H" uniqKey="Hyland R" first="Robert H" last="Hyland">Robert H. Hyland</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stamm, Luisa M" sort="Stamm, Luisa M" uniqKey="Stamm L" first="Luisa M" last="Stamm">Luisa M. Stamm</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dvory Sobol, Hadas" sort="Dvory Sobol, Hadas" uniqKey="Dvory Sobol H" first="Hadas" last="Dvory-Sobol">Hadas Dvory-Sobol</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Svarovskaia, Evguenia" sort="Svarovskaia, Evguenia" uniqKey="Svarovskaia E" first="Evguenia" last="Svarovskaia">Evguenia Svarovskaia</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jie" sort="Zhang, Jie" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jie" last="Zhang">Jie Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, K C" sort="Huang, K C" uniqKey="Huang K" first="K C" last="Huang">K C Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanian, G Mani" sort="Subramanian, G Mani" uniqKey="Subramanian G" first="G Mani" last="Subramanian">G Mani Subramanian</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brainard, Diana M" sort="Brainard, Diana M" uniqKey="Brainard D" first="Diana M" last="Brainard">Diana M. Brainard</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mchutchison, John G" sort="Mchutchison, John G" uniqKey="Mchutchison J" first="John G" last="Mchutchison">John G. Mchutchison</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verna, Elizabeth C" sort="Verna, Elizabeth C" uniqKey="Verna E" first="Elizabeth C" last="Verna">Elizabeth C. Verna</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buggisch, Peter" sort="Buggisch, Peter" uniqKey="Buggisch P" first="Peter" last="Buggisch">Peter Buggisch</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Landis, Charles S" sort="Landis, Charles S" uniqKey="Landis C" first="Charles S" last="Landis">Charles S. Landis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Younes, Ziad H" sort="Younes, Ziad H" uniqKey="Younes Z" first="Ziad H" last="Younes">Ziad H. Younes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Curry, Michael P" sort="Curry, Michael P" uniqKey="Curry M" first="Michael P" last="Curry">Michael P. Curry</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strasser, Simone I" sort="Strasser, Simone I" uniqKey="Strasser S" first="Simone I" last="Strasser">Simone I. Strasser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schiff, Eugene R" sort="Schiff, Eugene R" uniqKey="Schiff E" first="Eugene R" last="Schiff">Eugene R. Schiff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reddy, K Rajender" sort="Reddy, K Rajender" uniqKey="Reddy K" first="K Rajender" last="Reddy">K Rajender Reddy</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manns, Michael P" sort="Manns, Michael P" uniqKey="Manns M" first="Michael P" last="Manns">Michael P. Manns</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kowdley, Kris V" sort="Kowdley, Kris V" uniqKey="Kowdley K" first="Kris V" last="Kowdley">Kris V. Kowdley</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zeuzem, Stefan" sort="Zeuzem, Stefan" uniqKey="Zeuzem S" first="Stefan" last="Zeuzem">Stefan Zeuzem</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From Hospital Saint Joseph, Marseille (M.B.), and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac (V.L.) - both in France; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit (S.C.G.); Northwestern University, Chicago (S.L.F.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (C.L.C.), and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (A.R.) - both in Canada; Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena (M.T.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (T.T.T.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (R.H.H., L.M.S., H.D.-S., E.S., J.Z., K.C.H., G.M.S., D.M.B., J.G.M.) - all in California; Digestive Disease Associates, Catonsville, MD (N.R.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.M.V.); Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC (S.P.), and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney (S.I.S.) - both in Australia; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.B.B.) and Columbia University Medical Center (E.C.V.) - both in New York; ifi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg (P.B.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M.P.M.), and Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt (S.Z.) - all in Germany; University of Washington (C.S.L.) and Swedish Medical Center (K.V.K.) - both in Seattle; Gastro One, Germantown, TN (Z.H.Y.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston (M.P.C.); University of Miami, Miami (E.R.S.); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Philadelphia (K.R.R.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The New England journal of medicine</title><idno type="eISSN">1533-4406</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Antiviral Agents (adverse effects)</term><term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Carbamates (adverse effects)</term><term>Carbamates (therapeutic use)</term><term>Drug Combinations</term><term>Drug Resistance, Viral</term><term>Female</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Hepacivirus (drug effects)</term><term>Hepacivirus (genetics)</term><term>Hepatitis C (complications)</term><term>Hepatitis C (drug therapy)</term><term>Hepatitis C (virology)</term><term>Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings (adverse effects)</term><term>Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings (therapeutic use)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Liver Cirrhosis (etiology)</term><term>Macrocyclic Compounds (adverse effects)</term><term>Macrocyclic Compounds (therapeutic use)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Protease Inhibitors (therapeutic use)</term><term>Sofosbuvir (adverse effects)</term><term>Sofosbuvir (therapeutic use)</term><term>Sulfonamides (adverse effects)</term><term>Sulfonamides (therapeutic use)</term><term>Viral Nonstructural Proteins (antagonists & inhibitors)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Antiviraux (effets indésirables)</term><term>Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Association médicamenteuse</term><term>Carbamates (effets indésirables)</term><term>Carbamates (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Cirrhose du foie (étiologie)</term><term>Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus (effets indésirables)</term><term>Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Composés macrocycliques (effets indésirables)</term><term>Composés macrocycliques (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Génotype</term><term>Hepacivirus ()</term><term>Hepacivirus (génétique)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Hépatite C ()</term><term>Hépatite C (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Hépatite C (virologie)</term><term>Inhibiteurs de protéases (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Protéines virales non structurales (antagonistes et inhibiteurs)</term><term>Résistance virale aux médicaments</term><term>Sofosbuvir (effets indésirables)</term><term>Sofosbuvir (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Sulfonamides (effets indésirables)</term><term>Sulfonamides (usage thérapeutique)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Carbamates</term><term>Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings</term><term>Macrocyclic Compounds</term><term>Sofosbuvir</term><term>Sulfonamides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="antagonists & inhibitors" xml:lang="en"><term>Viral Nonstructural Proteins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Carbamates</term><term>Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings</term><term>Macrocyclic Compounds</term><term>Protease Inhibitors</term><term>Sofosbuvir</term><term>Sulfonamides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="antagonistes et inhibiteurs" xml:lang="fr"><term>Protéines virales non structurales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Hepatitis C</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Hepacivirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Hepatitis C</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets indésirables" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux</term><term>Carbamates</term><term>Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus</term><term>Composés macrocycliques</term><term>Sofosbuvir</term><term>Sulfonamides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Liver Cirrhosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Hepacivirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Hepacivirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Hépatite C</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux</term><term>Carbamates</term><term>Composés hétérocycliques avec 4 noyaux ou plus</term><term>Composés macrocycliques</term><term>Inhibiteurs de protéases</term><term>Sofosbuvir</term><term>Sulfonamides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Hépatite C</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Hepatitis C</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cirrhose du foie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Drug Combinations</term><term>Drug Resistance, Viral</term><term>Female</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Association médicamenteuse</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Génotype</term><term>Hepacivirus</term><term>Humains</term><term>Hépatite C</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Résistance virale aux médicaments</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Patients who are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and who do not have a sustained virologic response after treatment with regimens containing direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have limited retreatment options.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Bansal, Meena B" sort="Bansal, Meena B" uniqKey="Bansal M" first="Meena B" last="Bansal">Meena B. Bansal</name><name sortKey="Bourliere, Marc" sort="Bourliere, Marc" uniqKey="Bourliere M" first="Marc" last="Bourlière">Marc Bourlière</name><name sortKey="Brainard, Diana M" sort="Brainard, Diana M" uniqKey="Brainard D" first="Diana M" last="Brainard">Diana M. Brainard</name><name sortKey="Buggisch, Peter" sort="Buggisch, Peter" uniqKey="Buggisch P" first="Peter" last="Buggisch">Peter Buggisch</name><name sortKey="Cooper, Curtis L" sort="Cooper, Curtis L" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Curtis L" last="Cooper">Curtis L. Cooper</name><name sortKey="Curry, Michael P" sort="Curry, Michael P" uniqKey="Curry M" first="Michael P" last="Curry">Michael P. Curry</name><name sortKey="De Ledinghen, Victor" sort="De Ledinghen, Victor" uniqKey="De Ledinghen V" first="Victor" last="De Lédinghen">Victor De Lédinghen</name><name sortKey="Dvory Sobol, Hadas" sort="Dvory Sobol, Hadas" uniqKey="Dvory Sobol H" first="Hadas" last="Dvory-Sobol">Hadas Dvory-Sobol</name><name sortKey="Flamm, Steven L" sort="Flamm, Steven L" uniqKey="Flamm S" first="Steven L" last="Flamm">Steven L. Flamm</name><name sortKey="Gordon, Stuart C" sort="Gordon, Stuart C" uniqKey="Gordon S" first="Stuart C" last="Gordon">Stuart C. Gordon</name><name sortKey="Huang, K C" sort="Huang, K C" uniqKey="Huang K" first="K C" last="Huang">K C Huang</name><name sortKey="Hyland, Robert H" sort="Hyland, Robert H" uniqKey="Hyland R" first="Robert H" last="Hyland">Robert H. Hyland</name><name sortKey="Kowdley, Kris V" sort="Kowdley, Kris V" uniqKey="Kowdley K" first="Kris V" last="Kowdley">Kris V. Kowdley</name><name sortKey="Landis, Charles S" sort="Landis, Charles S" uniqKey="Landis C" first="Charles S" last="Landis">Charles S. Landis</name><name sortKey="Manns, Michael P" sort="Manns, Michael P" uniqKey="Manns M" first="Michael P" last="Manns">Michael P. Manns</name><name sortKey="Mchutchison, John G" sort="Mchutchison, John G" uniqKey="Mchutchison J" first="John G" last="Mchutchison">John G. Mchutchison</name><name sortKey="Pianko, Stephen" sort="Pianko, Stephen" uniqKey="Pianko S" first="Stephen" last="Pianko">Stephen Pianko</name><name sortKey="Ramji, Alnoor" sort="Ramji, Alnoor" uniqKey="Ramji A" first="Alnoor" last="Ramji">Alnoor Ramji</name><name sortKey="Ravendhran, Natarajan" sort="Ravendhran, Natarajan" uniqKey="Ravendhran N" first="Natarajan" last="Ravendhran">Natarajan Ravendhran</name><name sortKey="Reddy, K Rajender" sort="Reddy, K Rajender" uniqKey="Reddy K" first="K Rajender" last="Reddy">K Rajender Reddy</name><name sortKey="Schiff, Eugene R" sort="Schiff, Eugene R" uniqKey="Schiff E" first="Eugene R" last="Schiff">Eugene R. Schiff</name><name sortKey="Stamm, Luisa M" sort="Stamm, Luisa M" uniqKey="Stamm L" first="Luisa M" last="Stamm">Luisa M. Stamm</name><name sortKey="Strasser, Simone I" sort="Strasser, Simone I" uniqKey="Strasser S" first="Simone I" last="Strasser">Simone I. Strasser</name><name sortKey="Subramanian, G Mani" sort="Subramanian, G Mani" uniqKey="Subramanian G" first="G Mani" last="Subramanian">G Mani Subramanian</name><name sortKey="Svarovskaia, Evguenia" sort="Svarovskaia, Evguenia" uniqKey="Svarovskaia E" first="Evguenia" last="Svarovskaia">Evguenia Svarovskaia</name><name sortKey="Tong, Myron" sort="Tong, Myron" uniqKey="Tong M" first="Myron" last="Tong">Myron Tong</name><name sortKey="Tran, Tram T" sort="Tran, Tram T" uniqKey="Tran T" first="Tram T" last="Tran">Tram T. Tran</name><name sortKey="Verna, Elizabeth C" sort="Verna, Elizabeth C" uniqKey="Verna E" first="Elizabeth C" last="Verna">Elizabeth C. Verna</name><name sortKey="Vierling, John M" sort="Vierling, John M" uniqKey="Vierling J" first="John M" last="Vierling">John M. Vierling</name><name sortKey="Younes, Ziad H" sort="Younes, Ziad H" uniqKey="Younes Z" first="Ziad H" last="Younes">Ziad H. Younes</name><name sortKey="Zeuzem, Stefan" sort="Zeuzem, Stefan" uniqKey="Zeuzem S" first="Stefan" last="Zeuzem">Stefan Zeuzem</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Jie" sort="Zhang, Jie" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jie" last="Zhang">Jie Zhang</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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